What does the term "closing" typically refer to in a real estate transaction?

The term "closing" in a real estate transaction primarily refers to the final steps taken to transfer ownership of a property from the seller to the buyer. This process involves the completion of all legal requirements, including the signing of necessary documents such as the deed, mortgage agreements, and any disclosures required by law. It marks the official moment when the buyer becomes the new owner, and funds are transferred to the seller.

During closing, various important elements come into play, such as the review and settlement of closing costs, ensuring that title searches have been completed, and confirming that all contractual obligations have been met. This is a critical stage in the real estate process, as it culminates in the actual change of ownership, making it distinct from other options like signing a lease, conducting an appraisal, or listing a property, which do not represent the transfer of ownership.