What term describes the rights to access the surface area of a parcel of real property?

The term that best describes the rights to access the surface area of a parcel of real property is "Surface Rights." This concept pertains specifically to the rights an owner has to the land's surface, which can include the right to build on it, plant crops, or otherwise utilize the land for various purposes. Surface rights are significant in real estate because they determine how the land can be used and developed.

Understanding surface rights is crucial for real estate professionals, as it affects not only ownership but also any potential developments or activities that may take place on the property. Other rights related to real estate, such as mineral rights or air rights, do not pertain specifically to the surface level of the property, reinforcing why surface rights is the correct answer in this context.